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Airborne mavhairasi: Basa reakakodzera-akaedzwa N95 masks uye HEPA mafirita

Kubva pakatanga denda reCCIDID-19 makore anopfuura maviri apfuura, maN95 ekufema akaita basa rakakosha mumidziyo yekudzivirira (PPE) yevashandi vehutano pasi rese.
Ongororo yakaitwa muna 1998 yakaratidza kuti National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) yakatenderwa N95 mask yakakwanisa kusefa zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe nezvishanu kubva muzana zvemhepo, kunyangwe isina kuona hutachiona. mask inotarisisa kugona kwayo kusefa zvinhu zvinofambiswa nemhepo.
Ikozvino, timu yekutsvagisa kubva kuMonash University kuAustralia inoti yakayedzwa-yakaedzwa masiki eN95 akasanganiswa neinotakurika HEPA filtration system inopa dziviriro yakanakisa kubva kuhutachiona hwemhepo.
Sekureva kwemunyori anotungamira Dr Simon Joosten, Monash University Monash Health Medicine Senior Research Fellow uye Monash Health Respiratory uye Sleep Medicine Chiremba, chidzidzo ichi chaive nezvinangwa zviviri zvikuru.
Yekutanga ndeye "kuyera huwandu hwekuti vanhu vakatapukirwa nehutachiona aerosols vachipfeka marudzi akasiyana emasiki pamwe nenhoo dzechiso, magauni uye magurovhosi".
Pachidzidzo ichi, timu yakayera dziviriro inopihwa nemasks ekuvhiya, maN95 masks, uye akakodzera-akaedzwa masiki eN95.
Masks ekuvhiya anoraswa anodzivirira anoapfeka kubva kumadonhwe makuru.Anobatsirawo kudzivirira murwere kubva pakufema kweanopfeka.
N95 masks inokodzera kumeso zvirinani pane yekuvhiya masks.Inobatsira kudzivirira anopfeka kubva kufema mune diki mhepo aerosol particles, senge mavhairasi.
Nekuti chimiro chechiso chemunhu wese chakasiyana, haasi ese saizi uye mhando dzeN95 masks akakodzera munhu wese.The US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inopa chirongwa chakakodzera chekuyedza apo vashandirwi vanobatsira vashandi vavo kuona kuti ndeapi masiki eN95 anopa dziviriro yakanyanya.
Mask yeN95 yakayedzwa inokodzera kukwana zvakakwana, pakupedzisira ichipa "chisimbiso" pakati pemupendero wemask nechiso chemunhu akapfeka.
Dr. Joosten vakaudza MNT kuti kunze kwekuyedza masikisi akasiyana, timu yaida kuona kana kushandiswa kweanotakurika HEPA mafirita kunogona kuwedzera mabhenefiti emidziyo yekudzivirira yekudzivirira munhu anopfeka kubva kuhutachiona hwehutachiona hweaerosol.
High Effective Particulate Air (HEPA) mafirita anobvisa 99.97% yezvimedu zvemhepo 0.3 microns muhukuru.
Nokuda kwechidzidzo chacho, Dr. Joosten neboka rake vakaisa mushandi wehutano, uyo akabatanidzwawo mukugadzirisa kwekuedza, muimba yekiriniki yakavharwa kwemaminitsi makumi mana.
Vachiri mukamuri, vatori vechikamu vaipfeka PPE, kusanganisira magurovhosi, ganzu, nhoo yechiso, uye imwe yemhando nhatu dzemasks - yekuvhiya, N95, kana yakayedzwa N95. Mubvunzo dzekudzora, havana kupfeka. PPE, uye havana kupfeka masiki.
Vatsvakurudzi vakafumura vashandi vehutano kune nebulized version ye phage PhiX174, hutachiona hwemuenzaniso husina ngozi hunoshandiswa mukuedza nekuda kwegenome yayo duku.Vatsvakurudzi vakabva vadzokorora kuedza vachishandisa inotakurika HEPA filtration system muimba yekiriniki yakavharwa.
Mushure mekuedza kwega kwega, vatsvakurudzi vakatora zvipfeko zveganda kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana pamuviri wevashandi vehutano, kusanganisira ganda pasi pemaski, mukati memhino, uye ganda pahuma, mutsipa nehuma.Kuedza kwakaitwa 5 nguva pamusoro pe5 mazuva.
Mushure mekuongorora mhedzisiro, Dr. Joosten nechikwata chake vakaona kuti vashandi vehutano pavakapfeka masiki ekuvhiya uye maN95 masks, vaive nehutachiona hwakawanda mukati mezviso zvavo nemumhino. dzaive dzakapfekwa.
Uyezve, boka racho rakaona kuti kusanganiswa kweHEPA kusefa, akakodzera-akaedzwa masiki eN95, magurovhosi, gown uye nhovo dzechiso zvakaderedza huwandu hwehutachiona kusvika padhuze-zero mazinga.
Dr. Joosten anotenda kuti migumisiro yechidzidzo ichi inobatsira kusimbisa kukosha kwekubatanidza zvakakodzera-kuedzwa N95 respirators neHEPA filtration yevashandi vehutano.
"Inoratidza kuti kana yakabatanidzwa neHEPA sefa (13 air filter exchanges paawa), kupfuura N95's fit test inogona kudzivirira pahuwandu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona," akatsanangura kudaro.
"[Uye] zvinoratidza kuti nzira yakasarudzika yekudzivirira vashandi vehutano yakakosha uye kuti kusefa kweHEPA kunogona kusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwevashandi vehutano munzvimbo idzi."
MNT yakataurawo naDr. Fady Youssef, chiremba wepulmonologist akavimbiswa, chiremba uye nyanzvi yehutano hwakanyanya paChirangaridzoCare Long Beach Medical Center muLong Beach, California, pamusoro pekudzidza.Akati chidzidzo chacho chakasimbisa kukosha kwekuedzwa kwehutano.
"Marudzi akasiyana uye mhando dzeN95 masks dzinoda iwo chaiwo kuyedzwa - haisi imwe saizi-inokodzera-ese," akatsanangura Dr. Youssef.Kana wakapfeka mask isingakukodzeri, zviri kuita zvishoma kukudzivirira.”
Pamusoro pekuwedzera kweinotakurika HEPA kusefa, Dr. Youssef akataura kuti apo nzira mbiri dzekuderedza dzinoshanda pamwe chete, zvinonzwisisika kuti paizova nekubatana kukuru uye hukuru hukuru.
"[Iyo] inowedzera humwe humbowo [...] kuve nechokwadi chekuti kune akawanda akaturikidzana enzira dzekudzikisa kutarisira varwere vane hosha dzinofambiswa nemhepo kudzikisira uye netarisiro kubvisa kuratidzwa kune vashandi vehutano vari kuvachengeta," akawedzera.
Masayendisiti ashandisa laser visualization kuyedza kuti ndeupi rudzi rwekumba nhovo yechiso yakanyanya kudzivirira kutapurirana nemhepo ...
Zviratidzo zvikuru zveCCIDID-19 kupisa muviri, kukosora kwakaoma uye kushomeka kwekufema. Dzidza zvakawanda nezvezvimwe zviratidzo uye zvinotarisirwa mhedzisiro pano.
Hutachiona hunenge kwese kwese, uye hunogona kutapurira chero zvipenyu.Pano, dzidza zvakawanda nezvemavhairasi, mashandire aanoita, uye kuti angadzivirirwa sei.
Hutachiona hwakaita senge novel coronavirus hunotapurirana zvakanyanya, asi kune matanho mazhinji masangano uye vanhu vanogona kutora kudzikamisa kupararira kwehutachiona uhu.


Nguva yekutumira: May-21-2022